Perform a death-defying act
The 90-second oral cancer examination
A comprehensive oral cancer examination takes approximately 90 seconds and includes a review of the patient’s medical and dental history, extra oral and intra oral inspections of the head and neck, and manual palpation of related specific sites.The following review of an oral cancer examination is based on the standardized oral examination method recommended by the World Health Organization. It also is available in poster form from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research.
PERIORAL AND INTRA ORAL SOFT-TISSUE EXAMINATION
A seven-step systematic assessment of the lips,labial mucosa, commissures and buccal mucosa, gingivaand alveolar ridges, tongue, floor of the mouthand palate is suggested. It requires adequate light,a mouth mirror and two 2 × 2-inch gauze squares.
EXTRAORAL EXAMINATION
The extraoral assessment includes an inspection ofthe face, head and neck with special attention topatients who appear to spend a lot of time in thesun. Note any asymmetry or lesions on the skinsuch as crusts, fissuring and growths. The regionallymph nodes in the submandibular and neck areasshould be bilaterally palpated to detect any enlarged nodes; if enlargement is detected, assess their mobility and consistency.
Oral Cancer
Lips
Lip Cancer Picture
Observe the lips with the patient’s mouth both closed and open. Note the color, texture and any surface abnormalities of the vermilion borders.
Labial Cancer Examination
Labial mucosa Cancer
Labial mucosa
With the patient’s mouth partially open, visually examine the labial mucosa andsulcus of the maxillary vestibule and frenum, as well as the mandibular vestibule. Note the color, textureand any swelling or other abnormalities of the vestibular mucosa and gingiva.
Oral Cancer
Buccal mucosa
Buccal mucosa. Retract the buccal mucosa. Examine first the right, then the left, buccal mucosaextending from the labial commissure and back to the anterior tonsillar pillar. Note any change in pigmentation,color, texture and other abnormalities of the mucosa. Examine the commissures carefully.
Gingiva
Examine the buccal and labialaspects of the gingival and alveolar ridges bystarting with the right maxillary posterior gingivaand alveolar ridge and then move around thearch to the left posterior area. Drop to the leftmandibular posterior gingiva and alveolar ridgeand move around the arch to the right posteriorarea. Then, examine the palatal and lingualaspects as on the facial side, from right to left onthe palatal (maxillary) aspect and left to right onthe lingual (mandibular) aspect.
Tongue Cancer Pictures
Tongue
Tongue With the patient’s tongue at rest and
mouth partially open, inspect the dorsum of the
tongue for any swelling, ulceration or variation in
size, color or texture. Ask the patient to protrude
his or her tongue and examine it for any abnormality
of mobility or positioning.
mouth partially open, inspect the dorsum of the
tongue for any swelling, ulceration or variation in
size, color or texture. Ask the patient to protrude
his or her tongue and examine it for any abnormality
of mobility or positioning.
Oral Cancer Photos
Oral Cancer
Grasp the tip of the tongue with a piece of gauze to assist in full protrusion of the tongue. Use amouth mirror to visually assess the more posterior aspects of the tongue’s lateral borders and to retractthe cheek. Also, gently run your index finger along the lateral borders of the tongue to feel for any hardtissues.
Then examine the ventral surface. Palpate the tongue to detect growths. The tongue should feel
soft and pliable.
Oral Cancer
Mouth Cancer
Floor of the mouth. With the tongue still elevated,inspect the floor of the mouth for changesin color, texture, swellings or other surface abnormalities.Irregularities are more easily detected ifgauze is used to wipe the floor of the mouth dry;the gauze also can be used to keep the tongue outof the way.
Oral Cancer
Oral Cancer
Palate
With the patient’s mouth wide open and head tilted back, gently depress the base of the
tongue with a mouth mirror. Inspect the hard and soft palates.
tongue with a mouth mirror. Inspect the hard and soft palates.
Bimanually palpate the floor of the mouth for anyabnormalities. All mucosal or facial tissues that seemto be abnormal should be more carefully palpated.
Palate Oral Cancer
CONCLUSION
An oral cancer examination, which is part of a comprehensiveoral examination, takes only about 90 seconds. All adult patients should receive thispart of a comprehensive oral examinationon a routine basis. All lesions that have notresolved within two weeks of manifestationwarrant a biopsy or referral to an appropriateprovider. Special points to remember whenscreening for oral cancer are listed in the box("Points to Remember When Screening forOral Cancer").
Source: http://jada.ada.org
For more on Oral Cancer read Oral Cancer Hairy Tongue , Mouth Cancer and Oral sex and Oral Cancer.
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7 comments:
Thanks a lot for awaring About Oral Cancer. Keep Writing About Oral Cancer.
For More information about oral cancer read below,i have found during my research:
In the U.S. oral cancer accounts for 2.1% of all cancers and 1% of cancer deaths. Two to three times as many males as females are affected. Blacks have more intra-oral cancer than whites, and their incidence and mortality rates have increased in recent years. The etiologic process very likely involves several factors. The major etiologic agents are tobacco (all types) and alcoholic beverages. Herpes simplex virus, human papilloma virus, and Candida have been implicated. Host factors include poor state of dentition, nutritional aberrations, cirrhosis of liver, lichen planus, and immunologic impairmant. Cellular changes include amplification of some oncogenes, alterations in antigen expression, production of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and disturbance of keratin and involucrin production. Experimentally, cancer is readily produced on the hamster cheek pouch and rat oral mucosa. Unlike oral cancer in humans, most experimental lesions are exophytic, and they rarely metastasize.
CANCER can occur in any part of the mouth, tongue, lips, throat, salivary glands, pharynx, larynx, sinus, and other sites located in the head and neck area. These "Mouth Cancers" have a higher proportion of deaths per number of cases than breast cancer, cervical cancer or skin melanoma.
Oral and pharyngeal cancer is the sixth most common malignancy reported worldwide and one with high mortality ratios among all malignancies. The global number of new cases was estimated at 405,318 about two-thirds of them arising in developing countries. Highest rates are reported in South Asian countries such as India and Sri Lanka. The Indian sub-continent accounts for one-third of the world burden. The incidence and mortality from oral cancer is rising in several regions of Europe, Taiwan, Japan and Australia. Every year in Europe, around 100,800 people are diagnosed with head and neck cancer and almost 40,000 die from the disease. In the USA alone, 30,000 Americans are diagnosed with oral or pharyngeal cancer each year. About 90 percent of head and neck cancers are of the squamous cell variety. Although there have been significant improvements in chemotherapy and surgical techniques, the disease is often particularly challenging to treat since most patients present with advanced disease, have secondary tumours and suffer from other co-morbidities. Unfortunately 5-year survival rate has not improved (50% overall) for the last few decades except in specialized cancer centres.
I was not aware that Oral cancer can do all these things.i will try to quit smoking.
OOOOOOO GOD !!!!! ORAL CANCER !!!!
These all oral cancer pictures are so dangerous.
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